Introduction: Why ISO/IEC 27002 Matters in 2024 and Beyond In an era where data breaches cost companies an average of $4.45 million per incident, having a robust set of information security controls is no longer optional—it’s a survival imperative. While ISO/IEC 27001 provides the "framework" for an Information Security Management System (ISMS), ISO/IEC 27002 serves as the "cookbook" of specific security controls.